photographer: Crossman and Hart
Anthony, Kansas
This cabinet card contributed by the family of William Birdsall Bullers and Great Granddaughters of John Lewis “Pop” Bullers.
Stringing together the documents of the life of Cina Crossman was
difficult. The following is a trail of her photographic career pieced
together almost entirely from newspaper items. Women often change
their names, mostly legally through marriage but sometimes through
whimsy or vanity. They also fib about their age often. Add to that the
spelling interpretations of the record keepers and census takers. Thus
records of their lives are often scrambled and disconnected. Because
of these sometimes misleading records, the following timeline has been
developed in detail to insure continuity.
Lucinda L Crossman or
Cina L Crossman
(1854-1945)
1854 Nov 15
Keokuk, IA, state records, Lucinda Crossman is born to Orin H Crossman
and Mary Elizabeth Taylor
1860 Jul 19
Keokuk, IA, US census as Lucina Crossman age 04, living with
parents
1870 Jul 04
Keokuk, IA, US census as Lucina Crossman, age 14, living with
parents
1880 Jun 14
Stohrville, KS, US census as “Susiny A” Crossman (location, age and
other names in the family correct)
1880 Aug 26
Anthony (KS) Republican, feature item Stohrville (KS) Sweetnesses as
Miss Cina Crossman, Blond, Petite etc, (see clipping, no idea what
this is about)
1880 Sep 17
Anthony (KS) Journal notice says Cina L Crossman to present support of
property claim; Orin H Crossman is mentioned in same notice (at this
point it is believed that Orin H Crossman was Cina Crossman’s
father)
1881 Apr 23
Wichita (KS) Times, item says Miss Cina Crossman has accepted a
position on the Wellingtonian, a newspaper at Wellington, KS
1881 Apr 30
Anthony (KS) Republican, item says Miss Cina Crossman who has been
working at the Tribune has accepted a position at the Wellingtonian
1883
Lincoln, NE, city directory, Cina Crossman as student at Heman W Kelly
and Company, photographers at 1026 “O” st
1884 Apr 05
Anthony (KS) Republican item says Miss “Cina Cressman” is to be
Anthony’s artist and is in Wichita making arrangements
1884 Apr 24
Wellington (KS) Wellingtonian item says Lucinda Crossman of Lincoln,
NE is now employed at the E B Snell studio in Wellington
1885 Jan 03
Anthony (KS) Republican display ad says Crossman and Hart have opened
a new gallery in Anthony, KS
1885 Mar O1
Anthony, KS, State census, “G L” Crossman as photographer on next line
after Willie Hart also as photographer
1885 May 16
Anthony (KS) Republican small ad says Crossman and Hart are at the
Palace Art Gallery
1885 Jun 13
Anthony (KS) Republican display ad for Crossman and Hart
1885 Jun 20
Anthony (KS) Republican small item says Crossman and Hart have taken
the entire second floor of the Tandler-Forbes building
1885 Jun 27
Anthony (KS) Republican item says Crossman and Hart have moved to the
corner opposite Bennett House
1885 Jul 14
Anthony (KS) Republican item says Crossman and Hart gallery damaged in
storm
1885 Jul 24
Anthony (KS) Weekly Bulletin item says Crossman and Hart gallery is
not at southeast corner of Main and Bluff
1885 Jul 24
Anthony (KS) Weekly Bulletin item says Miss Cina Crossman of the firm
of Crossman and Hart, photographers has been ill for the past week
1885 Jul 31
Anthony (KS) Weekly Bulletin, small item says the Palace Art Gallery
of Crossman and Hart is at Main and Bluff
1885 Aug 07
Anthony (KS) Weekly Bulletin display ad says the New Palace Art
Gallery of Crossman and Hart is opposite the first National Bank in
Anthony
1885 Sep 11
Anthony (KS) Weekly Bulletin small item says Miss Crossman is opening
a new gallery
1885 Sep 14
Anthony (KS) Weekly Bulletin display ad says New Palace Art Gallery of
Crossman and Hart is opposite the First National Bank in Anthony
1885 Sep 18
Anthony (KS) Weekly Bulletin item says Miss Crossman will open a new
gallery soon
1885 Oct 09
Anthony (KS) Weekly Bulletin item says Miss Crossman has hired R A
Ramey of Udell, KS for her new gallery in the Steadman block to open
in a few days
1886 Jan 01
Anthony (KS) Republican item says the Rat Gallery of Miss Cina
Crossman is on the second floor of the Stedman Block
1886 Mar 30
Anthony (KS) Daily Republican ad says the Anthony Art Gallery is
operated by Cina Crossman
1886 Apr 23
Anthony (KS) Daily Republican shows small legal notice in case of Hart
vs Crossman; Dismissed
1886 Apr 29
Anthony (KS) Daily Republican item shows O M J Ramsey will be working
at the Anthony Art Gallery operated by Cina Crossman
1886 May 07
Anthony (KS) Daily Republican legal notice about Hart vs Crossman
(Purpose of suit is not known)
1886 Jun 18
Anthony (KS) Weekly Bulletin display ad says Anthony Art Gallery is
operated by Cina L Crossman
1886 Jul 02
Anthony (KS) Daily Republican legal notice about Hart vs Crossman
suit; receiver (Hart) must turn over property unnamed
1886 Aug 14 and Aug 16
Anthony (KS) Daily Republican item says Mr Ramsey will be at the
Anthony Art Gallery operated by Miss Cina Crossman
1886 Sep 24
Anthony (KS) Daily Republican news item says Miss Crossman is selling
her gallery and moving “northward”
1886 Oct 02 and Oct 04
Anthony (KS) Daily Republican item says Miss Crossman will be in
Anthony a little longer that expected
1886 Oct 11
Anthony (KS) Daily Republican item says Miss Crossman will be in
Anthony one more week
1886 Oct 13
Anthony (KS) Daily Republican legal notice about Hart vs Crossman
1886 Oct 14
Anthony (KS) Daily Republican small ad for Anthony Art Gallery of Cina
Crossman
1886 Oct 21
Anthony (KS) Journal display ad for Miss Cina Crossman “proprietress”
1887 Feb 18
Cherryvale (KS) Weekly Republican, small ad for agent for Miss
Crossman’s Crayons
1889 Feb 22
Coldwater (KS) Review small ad for Hart the photographer in
Coldwater
From this point the timeline of the life of Cina L Crossman becomes
somewhat speculative. Her birth date, 1855 and place, Keokuk, IA,
remain fairly constant but her name: CIna, and location: Kansas,
shift. In 1900 it appears she marries John D Bridgman and is now
called Lucina C Bridgman. (The “C” presumably is for Crossman, her
maiden name, an adjustment that was somewhat traditional at that
time)
1899 Dec 04
Salt Lake, UT, county records, “Lucinia” Crossman (age 35) and John D
Bridgman marry
1900 Jan 24
Salt Lake (UT) Tribune item says J D Bridgman has been appointed
assistant blacksmith
1900 Jun 05
Salt Lake, Utah, US census Lucina C Bridgeman as portrait artist
(birth date was given as 1864 instead of 1854); husband John as
Blacksmith
1901
Salt Lake, UT, city directory Lucina C Bridgman as artist; res 561 s
First
1903, 1904, 1905
Salt Lake, UT, city directory Lucina C Bridgman as Artist; res 815 S
First West; John D Bridgman as watchman
1906
Salt Lake, UT, city directory, Lucina C Bridgman as moved to Los
Angeles, CA; John D Bridgman as watchman
1907
Los Angeles, CA, city directory, Lucina Bridgman NOT listed; John D
Bridgman as Real Estate; res Occidental av first east of Calhoun
1908 Los Angeles, CA, city directory, NO Bridgman listed
1909
Los Angeles, CA, city directory, J D Bridgman as cement contractor;
res 3508 e Fifth; Cina NOT listed
1910 Apr 15
Los Angeles, CA, US census Lucina C Bridgman as artist/oil painting at
3508 E Fifth; born in Iowa
1913
Los Angeles, CA, city directory Lucina Bridgman as artist at 3508 e
Fifth
1914
San Pedro, CA, city directory Lucina Bridgman as photographer
1915, 1916, 1917
Los Angeles, CA, city directory Lucina Bridgman as writer at 3508 e
Fifth
1916
Los Angeles, CA, voter registration, Lucina C Bridgman as artist; res
3508 e Fifth; John D Bridgman as elevator operator
1920 Jan 03
Los Angeles, CA, US census Lucina C Bridgman as artist at 3508 E
Fifth; born in Iowa 1862
1922
Los Angeles, CA, voter registration Lucina Bridgman as artist
1923 Dec 10
Los Angeles, CA, California Death Index, John D Bridgman dies at age
72
1930 Apr 04
Los Angeles, CA, US census Lucina C Bridgman at 3508 E Fifth; no
occupation shown; born in Iowa, listed as “single”
1938
Los Angeles, CA, city directory Lucina Bridgman as Writer
1940 Apr 19
Los Angeles, CA, US census, Lucina C Bridgeman at 3508 E Fifth; no
occupation shown, born in Iowa
1945 Jan 03
Los Angeles, CA, death index, Lucina Bridgman dies at age 90
The next column is an odd item.
NO explanation.
Wichita (KS) Times - 23 Apr 1881
Anthony (KS) Republican - 30 Apr 1881
Small town newspapers often picked up and repeated stories, word for
word, from other newspapers.
22 Apr 1883
Anthony Republican -
05 Apr 1884
Wellingtonian (Wellington, KS) -
24 Apr 1884
03 Jan 1885
16 May 1885
And then, six months after getting started, the same ad runs,
with corrected printing error. ======>
13 Jun 1885
20 Jun 1885
Anthony (KS) Republican -
27 Jun 1885
Anthony (KS) Republican -
04 Jul 1885
24 Jul 1885
Anthony (KS) Weekly Bulletin -
24 Jul 1885
Anthony (KS) Weekly Bulletin -
31 Jul 1885
Anthony (KS) Weekly Bulletin -
07 Aug 1885
14 Aug 1885
Around this time, the Crossman/Hart partnership seems to be
dissolving.
Anthony (KS) Weekly Bulletin -
11 Sep 1885
Anthony (KS) Weekly Bulletin -
18 Sep 1885
09 Oct 1885
(Actually: Udall Kansas)
Anthony (KS) Republican -
01 Jan 1886
17 Feb 1886
Anthony (KS) Daily Republican -
30 Mar 1886
23 Apr 1886
The focus of the suit apparently brought by Hart is still unknown.
Anthony (KS) Daily Republican -29 Apr 1886
Anthony (KS) Daily Republican -
07 May 1886
04 and 18 Jun 1886
02 Jul 1886
Anthony (KS) Daily Republican -
16 Aug 1886
Anthony (KS) Daily Republican -
24 Sep 1886
02 Oct 1886
Anthony (KS) Daily Republican -
04 Oct 1886
Anthony (KS) Daily Republican -
11 Oct 1886
Anthony (KS) Daily Republican -
13 Oct 1886
14 Oct 1886
Anthony (KS) Journal -
21 Oct 1886
18 Feb 1887
Salt Lake (UT) Tribune -
24 Jan 1900
Will (Wille, Willie) Hart appears to have been rather transient.
Newspaper ads and items describe him as photographer in Anthony, KS,
from July of 1885 to April of 1889. (Partnered with Crossman for a few
months in 1885, January through August.) Then the newspaper ads
indicate that MRS Will Hart takes over the gallery early in 1885 and
hires Harry L Soule of Harper, KS, to operate it. Mildred Hart
divorces Will Hart in October of that year. Will Hart leaves Anthony,
KS and operates galleries in Coldwater, KS, and then Pratt, KS. After
that, nothing has been found so far.
The following newspaper clippings tell a lot.
24 Jul 1885
Anthony (KS) Weekly Bulletin -
21 Aug 1885
Anthony (KS) Weekly Bulletin - 29 Oct 1886
Anthony (KS) Weekly Bulletin - 11 Mar 1887
02 Dec 1887
Anthony (KS) Daily Republican -
23 Feb 1888
01 Sep 1888
Anthony (KS) Daily Republican -
02 Jan 1889
Anthony (KS) Weekly Bulletin -
11 Jan 1889
Anthony (KS) Daily Republican -
21 Jan 1889
28 Mar 1889
Anthony (KS) Daily Republican -
05 Apr 1889
Coldwater (KS) Review -
12 Apr 1889
30 Apr 1889
Coldwater (KS) Western Star -
20 Apr 1889
Anthony (KS) Daily Republican -
29 Apr 1889
Anthony (KS) Daily Republican -
31 May 1889
27 Jun 1889
Anthony (KS) Journal -
11 Oct 1889
Anthony (KS) Weekly Bulletin -
14 Feb 1890
This card was done by Hart. Perhaps it was after the breakup with
Crossman around 1885 or 1887.
photographer: HartAnthony, KS,
example from auction site
Anthony, KS
example from pinterest
Note that "M Hart" is probably Mildred Hard, the wife of Will Hart. She operated the Hart studio in the absence of her husband, Which appears to be often.
These cards are example of the work of E B Snell. He is mentioned in
the time line at 1884 as the employer of Cina Crossman. In the 1886
Wellington city directory E B Snell is partners with F M Sargent in
the State National Bank building. The directory says that Sargent is
from Indiana.
From the 1863 and 1874 Indianapolis, IN, city directories, there was a
photographer named Andrew J Sargent. No connection has been made.
photographer: E B SnellWellington, KS
photographer: E B SnellWellington, KS
example from auction site
Not the one you were looking for? Here's the photographer's INDEX by name. Listed here are all the Cabinet Card photographers of the 19th century found in LOST GALLERY. This is a work in progress. For a look at the original postings go to LOST GALLERY.
New examples and additional information are always welcome. Any
additional information will help narrow the time that these precious
antiques were made.
All submissions should be free of glare and shadows. Do not crop.
Leave a border around each card. The edges are sometimes an
important clue to the age of the card.
Some examples on this page have been enhanced or restored for clarity
and presentation here.
This page is free for educational and research purposes only but, as
always, if the original owner of any of these examples objects to the
use on this page, just let me know and they will be immediately
removed.
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